Apelação Criminal 200341000065690/ro

Penal e processual penal - crime contra a ordem tributária - art. 1º, i, da Lei 8.137/90 - supressão de tributo, mediante omissão de informação, à Autoridade fazendária, sobre rendimentos - quebra do sigilo bancário - Possibilidade, desde que autorizada por decisão judicial fundamentada - Nulidade do processo afastada - crime material - lançamento definitivo Do crédito tributário - materialidade comprovada - ausência de comprovação Da origem dos depósitos efetuados, na conta corrente do réu, Nos anos de 1998 e 1999 - art. 42 da lei 9.430/96 - prova testemunhal insuficiente - dolo específico configurado - sentença condenatória mantida - apelação desprovida. I - Por decisão proferida nos autos da Quebra de Sigilo de Dados 2001.41.00.002253-9, o Juízo Federal da 1ª Vara da Seção Judiciária de Rondônia autorizou a quebra de sigilo bancário do acusado, determinando que as instituições financeiras ali referidas enviassem, àquele Juízo, os extratos bancários de toda e qualquer movimentação financeira realizada, nos anos de 1998 e 1999, pelo ora apelante. À época, existiam suficientes indícios da existência de crime supostamente praticado pelo réu, consubstanciados em vultosa movimentação de sua conta bancária, incompatível com as respectivas fontes de rendimentos, em 1999, e com a sua omissão em declarar ao Fisco, em 1998, o que propiciou a instauração de processo administrativo, para a apuração do ilícito tributário e penal. II - A Lei 10.174/2001 - que alterou a redação original do art. 11, § 3º, da Lei 9. 3 11 / 9 6 , possibilitando a utilização das informações decorrentes do cruzamento entre dados da CPMF e as declarações de renda do contribuinte, para fins de constituição de crédito relativo a outros tributos - trata de matéria de caráter procedimental, aplicando-se, por essa razão, retroativamente, aos fatos ocorridos anteriormente à sua vigência, nos moldes do estabelecido no art. 144, § 1°, do CTN. Precedentes do STJ. III - “É possível a aplicação imediata do art. 6° da LC 105/2001, porquanto trata de disposição meramente procedimental, sendo certo que, a teor do que dispõe o art. 144, § 1º, do CTN, revela-se possível o cruzamento dos dados obtidos com a arrecadação da CPMF para fins de constituição de crédito relativo a outros tributos em face do que dispõe o art. 1° da Lei 10.174/2001, que alterou a redação original do art. 11, § 3°, da Lei 9.311/96“ (STJ, AgRg no REsp 66915 7/PE, Rel. Min. Francisco Falcão, 1ª Turma, unânime, DJU de 01/07/2005, p. 405). IV - O réu, em 1998 e 1999, aportou grande movimentação financeira em sua conta bancária, o que foi detectado pela Receita Federal, com base no recolhimento da CPMF. Transitaram, por contas bancárias do réu, valores da ordem de R$ 2.629.827,43, no ano de 1998, e R$ 4.261.918,48, em 1999, sem comprovação de sua origem ou sem declaração de tais rendimentos ao Fisco, já que, no ano de 1998, o acusado não declarou rendimentos tributáveis, e, no ano de 1999, declarou como rendimentos tributáveis apenas o valor de R$ 7.722,80. V - Durante o Procedimento Administrativo Fiscal, o réu foi reiteradamente chamado, pela Receita Federal, para informar a origem dos vultosos recursos que foram depositados em sua conta corrente, nos anos de 1998 e 1999. Foram 12 as oportunidades dadas, ao réu, para apresentar explicações e comprovação, quanto à origem dos valores que transitaram pelas suas contas bancárias, permanecendo ele, porém, inerte. VI - Na forma do art. 42 da Lei 9.430/96, caracteriza-se como omissão de receita ou de rendimento a existência de valores creditados em conta de depósito ou de investimento mantida junto a instituição financeira, em relação aos quais o titular, pessoa física ou jurídica, regularmente intimado, não comprove, mediante documentação hábil e idônea, a origem dos recursos utilizados nessas operações. VII - A materialidade delitiva está comprovada pelo Auto de Infração Fiscal, consolidado no lançamento definitivo do crédito tributário. VIII - A prova testemunhal colhida mostrou-se insuficiente para sustentar as alegações do réu de que atuava como corretor de café e de que os vultosos valores que transitaram, pela sua conta corrente bancária, eram de terceiros. Não há notas fiscais, recibos, contratos de corretagem ou quaisquer outros documentos que evidenciem a atividade do apelante, no período objeto da ação fiscal (1998 e 1999). Tampouco as testemunhas de defesa ouvidas identificam qualquer depósito feito na conta corrente do réu, discorrendo, genericamente, sobre a prática, que seria por ele realizada, à época, de corretagem de café. IX - “Não há, em tese, qualquer exclusão de responsabilidade do contribuinte pessoa física, que está obrigado a declarar todos os rendimentos auferidos, bem como explicar eventual omissão na declaração apresentada quando chamado a fazê-lo perante a Receita Federal, exigências que, aparentemente, não foram cumpridas pelo paciente“ (STJ, RHC 20438/SP, Rel. Min. Jane Silva (Desembargadora Convocada do TJ/MG), 5ª Turma, julgado em 28 / 11 / 2 0 0 7 , DJU de 17/12/2007, p. 225). X - O delito tipificado no inciso I do art. 1° da Lei 8.137/90 não se contenta com o dolo genérico, haja vista que o elemento subjetivo exige a especial finalidade de suprimir ou reduzir pagamento de tributo, o que restou configurado, no caso, quando significativo volume de recursos transitou, por muito tempo, pela conta bancária do réu, sem que fossem devidamente declarados, e, mesmo quando reiteradamente intimado a prestar as informações necessárias ao Fisco, quanto à origem de tais valores, silenciou-se o acusado. XI - Preliminar rejeitada. Apelação improvida.

Rel. Des. Assusete Magalhães

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