Princípio Da Insignificância Leva Ministra A Suspender Ação Penal Por Crime De Descaminho

Por decisão da ministra Ellen Gracie, do Supremo Tribunal Federal, está suspensa a tramitação da ação penal por crime de descaminho aberta contra C.M.F junto à 2ª Vara Federal Criminal de Foz do Iguaçu, no Paraná. A ministra deferiu parcialmente liminar em Habeas Corpus (HC 100939) para suspender o curso da ação penal até o julgamento final do habeas pelo STF.

No HC, a defesa requer a suspensão dos efeitos de um recurso especial julgado pelo Tribunal Regional Federal da 4ª Região. O TRF-4 determinou o recebimento de denúncia contra C.M.F pelo crime de descaminho, que é a entrada no país com mercadorias estrangeiras, sem o devido pagamento dos tributos. A denúncia refere-se ao não recolhimento de impostos no valor de R$ 3.879,30.

A defesa alega que no caso incide o princípio da insignificância penal ao descaminho, quando o valor dos tributos a pagar não ultrapassa o valor de R$ 10 mil. O artigo 20 da Lei 10.522/02, que trata do cadastro de inscritos na Dívida Ativa da União, determina o arquivamento das execuções fiscais, sem baixa na distribuição, quando os débitos forem iguais ou inferiores a R$ 10 mil (valor modificado pela Lei 11.033/04).

O acórdão do TRF-4 determinou o recebimento da denúncia por crime de descaminho, ao reformular entendimento da 2ª Vara Federal de Foz do Iguaçu que, com base no princípio da insignificância, havia rejeitado a denúncia. Inconformada a defesa recorreu ao Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) e ao Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF).

Ao julgar o caso preliminarmente, a ministra Ellen Gracie citou precedentes da 1ª e 2ª Turmas do Supremo, “no sentido de que falta justa causa para a ação penal por crime de descaminho quando a quantia sonegada não ultrapassar o valor previsto no art. 20 da Lei 10.522/02”.

A ministra Ellen Gracie ressaltou a “presença de constrangimento ilegal, já que a decisão atacada é manifestamente contrária à jurisprudência consolidada por esta Suprema Corte”. Dessa forma, a ministra deferiu parcialmente a liminar somente para suspender cautelarmente a ação penal relativa ao recurso do TRF-4, que determinou o recebimento da denúncia.

AR/IC

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