Acr – 2005.85.00.000363-5

Penal. Apelações criminais. Estelionato (art. 171, § 3º, cp), corrupção ativa (art. 333, Caput e § único, cp) e passiva (art. 317, § 1º, cp) e quadrilha (art. 288, cp). Extinção da Punibilidade: um dos réus, por todos os delitos; os demais, pelo crime de quadrilha. Corrupção ativa e passiva: bis in idem em relação ao estelionato. Absolvição. Obtenção fraudulenta de benefícios previdenciários. Materialidade e autoria. Demonstração. Dosimetria da pena. Higidez. - Sentença que condenou os réus - um deles servidor do INSS - pela prática dos delitos de estelionato majorado (art. 171, § 3º, c/c 71, CP), corrupção ativa (art. 333, caput e parágrafo único, c/c 71, CP), corrupção passiva (art. 317, § 1º, c/c 71, CP) e quadrilha (art. 288, CP), por haverem se associado com um terceiro (já falecido), para a obtenção de inúmeros benefícios previdenciários fraudulentos, cobrando valores dos interessados. - A atividade delitiva cessou em setembro de 2000, quando estancados os pagamentos dos últimos benefícios fraudulentos, enquanto a denúncia foi recebida em 15 de fevereiro de 2005. - No tocante ao delito de quadrilha (art. 288, CP), as penas privativas de liberdade de todos os réus foram fixadas em patamar não excedente a 2 (dois) anos, correspondendo-lhes o prazo prescricional de 4 (quatro) anos (art. 109, V, CP), já transcorrido entre o encerramento das práticas delitivas e o recebimento da denúncia. Extinção da punibilidade de todos os apelantes quanto a essa infração penal, restando prejudicado, nesse ponto, o exame do mérito dos apelos. - Causa extintiva da punibilidade que ainda socorre o apelante José Carlos de Souza Pinto Filho quanto às demais condenações, pois, a teor da Súmula nº 497, do eg. STF, quando se tratar de crime continuado, “a prescrição regula-se pela pena imposta na sentença, não se computando o acréscimo decorrente da continuação“, sendo certo que nenhuma das penas a ele infligidas supera o patamar de 2 (dois) anos. Prejudicado o exame do mérito de sua apelação. - Impossibilidade de se estender tal benefício aos demais apelantes em relação às demais condenações, pois, mesmo em se desprezando o acréscimo da continuidade delitiva (art. 71, CP), remanescem penas superiores a 2 (dois) anos, às quais corresponde prazo prescricional superior a 4 (quatro) anos. ACR 7458-SE (acórdão) - Se existia uma organização permanente, articulada para a consecução de benefícios previdenciários fraudulentos em larga escala, onde cada integrante possuía uma função definida, refoge à lógica a suposição de que o funcionário do INSS, desde o princípio em conluio com os demais, estivesse obtendo a “vantagem ilícita“ inerente ao estelionato (art. 171, CP) e, ao mesmo tempo, recebendo a “vantagem indevida“ própria da corrupção passiva (art. 317, § 1º, CP). - Pelas mesmas razões, não se pode sustentar a prática do crime de corrupção ativa, atribuído aos demais, na medida em que o pagamento de 100,00 (cem reais) feito ao servidor, por cada benefício deferido, traduzia a vantagem indevida por este último obtida, em razão de sua participação no estelionato. - Sentença que laborou em manifesta exacerbação, ao punir os apelantes, duas vezes, pelo mesmo fato, quando o que se tem nos autos é, tão somente, a prática do crime de estelionato majorado (art. 171, § 3º, CP), devendo ser afastadas as condenações por corrupção ativa e passiva, sob pena de bis in idem. - No que tange ao estelionato, o cotejo do acervo probatório - composto por relatório conclusivo elaborado por auditoria do INSS, em comunhão com numerosos depoimentos testemunhais colhidos em juízo - não deixa qualquer dúvida a respeito da materialidade e da autoria delitivas. - Concentrando-se as atenções sobre a condenação por estelionato (a única que, afinal, irá remanescer), não se verifica, na dosimetria, qualquer excesso a ser corrigido, notadamente porque, ao contrário do que sustenta um dos recorrentes, não há bons antecedentes a serem considerados. - Declarada extinta, de ofício, a punibilidade de José Carlos de Souza Pinto Filho, em relação a todos os delitos; e a de José Aderaldo de Santana e Gileno Alves de Lima, somente no tocante ao delito de quadrilha, em todos os casos pela prescrição retroativa da pretensão punitiva, restando prejudicado, nesses pontos, o exame do mérito dos apelos. - Provimento, em parte, dos apelos para absolver José Aderaldo de Santana da prática do crime de corrupção passiva e Gileno Alves de Lima da prática do crime de corrupção ativa, mantendo-lhes a condenação por estelionato.

Rel. Des. Francisco Wildo Lacerda Dantas

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